Systems Thinking, Systems Design

Day 5

Time and place:

• Wednesday,  February 7, 1:00 pm to 4:00 pm
• Bissell 417

5.1 Preparation

For all class participants, spend no more than 2 hours reading from a selection in each of the clusters.  If you don't like what you're reading, move on!

5.1.1 Cluster 7:  Service Systems

Recommended articles

• Kijima, Kyoichi, and Yusuke Arai. 2016. “Value Co-Creation Process and Value Orchestration Platform.” In Global Perspectives on Service Science: Japan, edited by Stephen K. Kwan, Jim Spohrer, and Yuriko Sawatani, 137–54. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3594-9_10.
• Fujikawa, Yoshinori, Satoshi Akutsu, and Joji Ono. 2016. “Context Management Approach to Value Co-Creation: Toward Dynamic Process Model of Customer as Value Co-Creator.” In Global Perspectives on Service Science: Japan, edited by Stephen K. Kwan, Jim Spohrer, and Yuriko Sawatani, 31–47. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3594-9_3.
• Yasui, Toshiyuki, Seiko Shirasaka, and Takashi Maeno. 2016. “Methodology of Workshop-Based Innovative System Design Grounded in Systems Engineering and Design Thinking.” In Global Perspectives on Service Science: Japan, edited by Stephen K. Kwan, Jim Spohrer, and Yuriko Sawatani, 79–89. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3594-9_6.
• Feldmann, Niels, and Jorge Cardoso. 2015. “Service Design.” In Fundamentals of Service Systems, edited by Jorge Cardoso, Hansjörg Fromm, Stefan Nickel, Gerhard Satzger, Rudi Studer, and Christof Weinhardt, 105–35. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23195-2_4.
• Ricketts, John A. 2011. “Theory of Constraints for Services: Past, Present, and Future.” In Service Systems Implementation, edited by Haluk Demirkan, Jim Spohrer, and Vikas Krishna, 113–31. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7904-9_7.
• Seddon, John, Brendan O’Donovan, and Keivan Zokaei. 2011. “Rethinking Lean Service.” In Service Design and Delivery, edited by Mairi Macintyre, Glenn Parry, and Jannis Angelis, 41–60. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8321-3_4.
• Böttcher, Martin, and Klaus-Peter Fähnrich. 2011. “Service Systems Modeling: Concepts, Formalized Meta-Model and Technical Concretion.” In The Science of Service Systems, edited by Haluk Demirkan, Jim Spohrer, and Vikas Krishna, 131–49. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8270-4_8.
  

Recommended book chapters

• Ing, David. 2011. “Service Systems in Changing Paradigms: An Inquiry through the Systems Sciences.” In The Science of Service Systems. Service Science: Research and Innovations (SRII) in the Service Economy. Springer. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8270-4_16. Preprint at http://coevolving.com/commons/201003-service-systems-in-changing-paradigms
• Ng, Irene, Roger Maull, and Laura Smith. 2011. “Embedding the New Discipline of Service Science.” In The Science of Service Systems, edited by Haluk Demirkan, Jim Spohrer, and Vikas Krishna, 13–35. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8270-4_2.
• Lyons, Kelly. 2011. “A Framework That Situates Technology Research Within the Field of Service Science.” In The Science of Service Systems, edited by Haluk Demirkan, Jim Spohrer, and Vikas Krishna, 175–88. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8270-4_10.
• Sampson, Scott E. 2010. “The Unified Service Theory.” In Handbook of Service Science, edited by Haluk Demirkan, Jim Spohrer, and Vikas Krishna, 107–31. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1628-0_7.
• Glushko, Robert J. 2010. “Seven Contexts for Service System Design.” In Handbook of Service Science, edited by Haluk Demirkan, Jim Spohrer, and Vikas Krishna, 219–49. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1628-0_11.
  Ramirez, Rafael, and Johan Wallin. 2000. Prime Movers: Define Your Business or Have Someone Define It against You. Chichester, England: Wiley.

Recommended multimedia

• Spohrer, Jim, and David E. Goldberg. 2017. Exploring Service Science and Cognitive Systems Web Audio. Big Beacon Radio. https://www.voiceamerica.com/episode/98248/exploring-service-science-and-cognitive-systems-an-interview-with-jim-spohrer.
  

5.1.2 Cluster 8:  Generative Pattern Language

Recommended articles

• Ing, David. 2016. “Pattern Manual for Service Systems Thinking.” In Proceedings of the 2016 International PUARL Conference. San Francisco: Portland Urban Architecture Research Laboratory. http://coevolving.com/commons/20161028-pattern-manual-for-service-systems-thinking.
• Ing, David. 2014. “From Environmental Structure to Service Systems Thinking: Wholeness with Centers Described with a Generative Pattern Language.” In Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs. Allerton Park, IL: The Hillside Group. http://coevolving.com/commons/201501-from-environmental-structure-to-service-systems-thinking.
• Iba, Takashi, Mami Sakamoto, and Toko Miyake. 2011. “How to Write Tacit Knowledge as a Pattern Language: Media Design for Spontaneous and Collaborative Communities.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 26:46–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.561.
• Haskins, Cecilia. 2008. “Using Patterns to Transition Systems Engineering from a Technological to Social Context.” Systems Engineering 11 (2):147–155. https://doi.org/10.1002/sys.20091.
• Erickson, Thomas. 2000. “Lingua Francas for Design: Sacred Places and Pattern Languages.” In Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Designing Interactive Systems, 357–68. ACM Press. https://doi.org/10.1145/347642.347794.
• Gabriel, Richard P. 1996. “The Quality Without a Name.” In Patterns of Software, 33–44. New York: Oxford University Press. http://dreamsongs.net/Files/PatternsOfSoftware.pdf.
• Alexander, Christopher, Randy Schmidt, Brian Hanson, and Michael Mehaffy. 2005. “Generative Codes: The Path to Building Welcoming, Beautiful, Sustainable Neighborhoods.” http://www.livingneighborhoods.org/ht-0/generative.htm.
• Alexander, Christopher. 2004. “Sustainability And Morphogenesis: The Birth of a Living World.” presented at the Schumacher Lecture, Bristol, UK, October 30. http://www.livingneighborhoods.org/ht-0/archive.htm.

Recommended book chapters

• Alexander, Christopher. 2012. The Battle for the Life and Beauty of the Earth: A Struggle Between Two World-Systems. Oxford University Press. http://books.google.com/books?id=xAMEywAACAAJ. https://www.worldcat.org/title/battle-for-the-life-and-beauty-of-the-earth-a-struggle-between-two-world-systems/oclc/827253635
• Gamma, Erich, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides. 1995. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Addison. http://go.utlib.ca/cat/1277535.
• Alexander, Christopher, Sara Ishikawa, and Murray Silverstein. 1977. A Pattern Language: Towns, Building, Construction. New York: Oxford University Press US.
  http://go.utlib.ca/cat/3530417
• Alexander, Christopher. 1979. The Timeless Way of Building. Oxford University Press. http://go.utlib.ca/cat/4024331
• Alexander, Christopher, Murray Silverstein, Schlomo Angel, Sara Ishikawa, and Denny Abrams. 1975. The Oregon Experiment. Oxford University Press. http://go.utlib.ca/cat/2844910
• Alexander, Christopher, Sara Ishikawa, and Murray Silverstein. 1968. A Pattern Language Which Generates Multi-Service Centers. Center for Environmental Structure. http://go.utlib.ca/cat/2867577
  

Recommended multimedia

• Ing, David. 2015. “Service Systems Thinking: From Environmental Structure to a New Generative Pattern Language.” presented at the PURPLSOC (Pursuit of Pattern Languages for Societal Change), Krems, Austria, July 3. http://coevolving.com/commons/20150703-service-systems-thinking.
• Ing, David. 2014. “Incubating Service Systems Thinking.” Coevolving Innovations (blog). August 26, 2014. http://coevolving.com/blogs/index.php/archive/incubating-service-systems-thinking/.
• Group Pattern Language Project. 2013. “Group Works: A Pattern Language for Bringing Life to Meetings and Other Gatherings.” Group Works. 2013. https://groupworksdeck.org/
  

5.2 Presenter-facilitator Groups 7 and 8

Prepare slides or materials to lead the class, with suggested content as:

• How is the approach used (in one or two example system(s), close to your research interests)?
• What are the basics of the approach?
• Why would you use (or not use) this approach (over another approach)?
• When and where would you use (or not use) this approach?
• Which points about the approach are unclear, and would benefit from deeper inquiry?

If you have questions, you can consult with the instructor!

5.3 Classroom activities

1:00 - 1:15	Discussion on blogs from the previous class
1:15 - 2:15	Group 7 presents and facilitates discussion on Service Systems
2:15 - 2:30	Instructor fills in on ambiguities
2:30 - 2:45	Break
2:45 - 3:45	Group 8 presents and facilitates discussion on Generative Pattern Language
3:45 - 4:00	Instructor fills in on ambiguities

5.4 Assignments

• Write an personal appreciation diary log as a blog post, trying to spend no more than 45 minutes.
• Which 2 or 3 system ideas from today are resonating to change the way you think (and which ones might remain a mystery)?
• Why are those systems ideas significant in your research, your work and/or your life?
• Where could you see applying (or avoiding) using these systems approaches?
• Include 2 or 3 references at the end of your blog post, and use a proper citation style.
• Post a notification on the Google+ Systems Sciences Community, or on a Blackboard Discussion Board thread.
• The deadline for posting is the Monday morning, 9 a.m., February 12

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